Activated Carbon And Activated Charcoal
Activated charcoal water filters, also known as activated carbon filters, have traditionally been used to remove off tastes and odors from home drinking water supplies. Off tastes and odors are not dangerous but they can be unpleasant.
Recent improvements to these types of filters, however, now enable activated carbon and activated charcoal filters to remove more dangerous contaminants. Organic compounds such as benzene and pesticides will bind with the carbon, as will certain metals, radon and chlorine.
Activated charcoal filters cannot remove all chemicals and contaminants so it is essential that homeowners have their water tested to determine what, if any, contaminants exist in their drinking water.
Resembling granular or powdered charcoal, activated charcoal is very porous with a large surface area. Contaminant collect on the surface of the charcoal. This is called adsorption. Activated charcoal should not be confused with regular charcoal. The activated form removes many more contaminants from water.
Activated charcoal systems for the home usually consist of a unit which contains removable and replaceable filters. The filters contain the activated carbon. These filters, when inserted into the purifier, remove contaminants as the water passes through. After a period of time, the activated charcoal surfaces become covered with the removed contaminants. At this point, they are replaced.
Activated carbon filters can be used at the point of use, usually a faucet, to treat water at a specific location, typically for cooking or drinking. These systems can be bypassed to conserve the life of the filter. They are best for simple odor removal and taste improvement.
If the water contamination problems are more extensive or dangerous, a system can be placed at the point of entry. All the water in the house will be treated. This is appropriate if the water contains chemicals or contaminants that pose a health threat when used for bathing or skin contact. Additionally, some chemicals can contaminate indoor air when they are dispensed in a tub or shower. Radon is an example of this type of chemical.
Activated charcoal or activated carbon water filtration systems provide a level of protection against contaminated water, but for severe contamination, an abatement plan is recommended.